Fig. 3

Immunofluorescence visualization of aspartate β-hydroxylase protein (ASPH) in malignant cell lines after EP +/- Ca 2 + application. (A) LoVo (sensitive human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line) and (B) LoVo Dx (doxorubicin-resistant human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line) treated with 2 mM of calcium ions and electroporation (1.2 kV/cm, 8 pulses, 100 us, 1 Hz; 37.5 kV/cm and 50 kV/cm, 200 pulses 10 ns, 10 Hz). Top panel: graphs present ASPH signal intensity for each tested therapy parameter; n = 4–5. Bottom panel: CLSM images of ASPH signal changes (green) and mitochondrion (red) visualized 72 h after EP protocols application; 20 μm; 60.0X oil immersion objective; NA: 1.35. n ≤ 3; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, NS-not significant (comparison to control)