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Fig. 3 | Biological Research

Fig. 3

From: PTN from Leydig cells activates SDC2 and modulates human spermatogonial stem cell proliferation and survival via GFRA1

Fig. 3

SDC2 knockdown impairs proliferation and self-renewal of human SSC lines in vitro. (A) qPCR analysis of SDC2 mRNA levels after small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection. (B) Western blot analysis of SDC2 protein levels after knockdown. (C) Bar graphs showing the relative levels of SDC2 protein in the NC and knockdown groups, normalized to GAPDH. (D) CCK8 assay measuring cell proliferation, showing that SDC2 knockdown significantly inhibited SSC proliferation. (E) Western blot analysis of SSC self-renewal and proliferation-related proteins, including PLZF, CCNE1, and PCNA, showing that SDC2 knockdown significantly reduced the expression of these proteins. (F) Bar graphs showing the relative protein levels of PLZF, CCNE1, and PCNA in the NC and knockdown groups, normalized to GAPDH. (G) EdU assays assessing cellular DNA synthesis, showing that SDC2 knockdown significantly decreased the number of EdU-positive cells. (H) Ridgeline plots showing the distribution of EdU-positive cells in the NC and knockdown groups. (I) Flow cytometry combined with Annexin V to detect cell apoptosis, showing that SDC2 downregulation significantly increased cell apoptosis. (J) Bar graphs showing the apoptotic percentage of SSCs in the NC and knockdown groups. * indicates P < 0.05

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Biological Research

ISSN: 0717-6287

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